As journals serve as a medium for communicating research findings and new discoveries between researchers and the outside community, it is essential for academic communication to be accurate, of high quality, transparent, and aligned with international publication standards. Various organizations, such as the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and renowned publishers like Elsevier, have established guidelines, best practices, and publication ethics for journals to follow. Each journal must adhere to these standards and clearly display its policies related to publication ethics on its website to inform all stakeholders.
     
     Furthermore, COPE and several publishers have outlined of the roles and responsibilities of three key groups involved in the publication process: authors, journal editors, and reviewers. These guidelines are intended for these groups to study and strictly follow to benefit all parties, including readers, the academic community, and society at large.
Examples of the duties of authors include:
     1. Authors must ensure that the submitted work is original and has never been published elsewhere.
     2. Authors must report facts arising from the research without distorting or providing false data.
     3. Authors must cite the works of others if they are used in their own research and include a reference list at the end of the article.
     4. Authors must write their research articles according to the format specified in the "Author Guidelines."
     5. All individuals listed as authors on an article must have contributed significantly to the research.
     6. Authors must indicate the sources of funding that supported their research.
     7. Authors must declare any conflicts of interest, if applicable.