DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIRECTIONS FOR REDUCING SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THAILAND: AN ANALYSIS OF THE THIRTEENTH NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Abstract

     This academic article entitled “Development Policy Directions for Reducing Social Inequality in Thailand: An Analysis of the Thirteenth National Economic and Social Development Plan” aims to examine the development policy directions of Thailand in addressing social inequality under the framework of the Thirteenth National Economic and Social Development Plan, which serves as a national development guideline for the period 2023–2027. The study employs documentary research by analyzing policy documents, the Thirteenth National Economic and Social Development Plan, academic publications, and related research studies in order to examine the conceptual foundations, policy objectives, and strategic mechanisms designed to reduce inequality in Thai society.

      The findings indicate that the Thirteenth National Economic and Social Development Plan emphasizes balanced, inclusive, and sustainable development. The plan prioritizes the reduction of inequality across multiple dimensions, including economic, social, and regional disparities. Key policy directions include human capital development, the expansion of economic opportunities, the strengthening of grassroots economic systems, and the enhancement of comprehensive social welfare programs aimed at improving the quality of life for all groups of citizens. Furthermore, the plan promotes regional development and the decentralization of growth in order to reduce disparities between urban and rural areas.

The implementation of policies aimed at reducing inequality still faces several limitations. These include structural imbalances in the economy, the concentration of resources and policy decision-making power, as well as constraints within the administrative and governance mechanisms of the state. Therefore, achieving sustainable inequality reduction requires integrated cooperation among the public sector, private sector, and civil society. It also necessitates the formulation of public policies that concretely emphasize social justice. The findings of this study can serve as a guideline for understanding the direction of Thailand’s development and provide supporting information for public policy formulation aimed at promoting social equity and inclusive development in Thai society.