SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE FOUR PRINCIPLES OF BHAVANA FOR HOLISTIC WELL-BEING

Abstract

         This article aims to explore the application of the Fourfold Bhāvanā—physical development (kāya-bhāvanā), moral cultivation (sīla-bhāvanā), mental development (citta-bhāvanā), and wisdom development (paññā-bhāvanā)—as a framework for social development grounded in Buddhist principles. These four dimensions of training contribute to holistic well-being by promoting balanced development in physical, emotional, ethical, and intellectual aspects at both the individual and community levels. The study finds that the Fourfold Bhāvanā has significant potential in enhancing social cohesion, public-mindedness, and quality of life, especially when integrated into community-based programs. However, challenges remain in terms of public awareness, structural readiness, and the measurement of spiritual and mental outcomes. This article proposes strategies for the practical implementation of the Fourfold Bhāvanā in social development initiatives by integrating it with education, religion, culture, and local participatory processes, aiming to promote sustainable and holistic social transformation.