Adhitthana Paramita in Theravada Buddhist Philosophy : A Philosophical Analysis

Abstract

            This study aims to analyze and expand the concept of Adhitthana Paramita by utilizing evidence from the Tipitaka, the Atthakatha (commentaries), and an analytical approach based on Buddhist philosophy. The study categorizes Adhitthana Paramita into three levels: Adhitthana Paramita (basic determination), Adhitthana Upa Paramita (intermediate determination), and Adhitthana Paramattha Paramita (ultimate determination), which reflect varying degrees of intensity in the resolution process. This research is limited to the context of Theravada Buddhism and focuses solely on sources from the Tipitaka and commentarial literature. It does not include perspectives from Mahayana Buddhism or contemporary Buddhist thought.

            Through the examination of examples from the Tipitaka, it was found that Adhitthana Paramita plays a significant role in enabling Bodhisattas to overcome obstacles and achieve their aspirations. The study also proposes a new conceptual framework in the form of the ACTS Model, which comprises A – Aspiration & Action, C – Commitment & Consistency, T – Transformation & Tenacity, and S – Self-Discipline & Service. This model enhances the understanding of Adhitthana Paramita by framing it in a way that is practically applicable to daily life, including in education, professional development, personal growth, and leadership that drives social progress.