Khanti Paramita in Theravada Buddhist Philosophy

Abstract

          This study aimed to analyze Khanti Paramita in the context of Theravada Buddhist philosophy, which is one of the ten perfections essential for mental and moral development, leading to liberation from suffering. Khanti Paramita referred to patience, forbearance, and the ability to confront physical and mental difficulties with a calm and stable mind. The study focused on three key aspects: (1) the meaning and characteristics of Khanti Paramita in Theravada Buddhist philosophy, (2) its role as a tool for mental development, and (3) its significance in society and daily life. The findings revealed that Khanti Paramita was a virtue that helped individuals control emotions and defilements, reduce conflicts, and foster positive relationships within society. Furthermore, Khanti contributed to mental stability, enabling individuals to face daily challenges with mindfulness and wisdom. In the social context, Khanti Paramita helped mitigate violence, promote harmony, and create peaceful communities. The study also presented the KHANTI Model, summarizing the application of Khanti Paramita in modern contexts to address rapid changes and challenges. This model emphasized the development of mental balance and peaceful coexistence in diverse and complex societies.