Applying the Four Noble Truths to Problem-Based Learning

Abstract

        This research article was a qualitative study using document analysis, aiming to apply the Four Noble Truths to problem-based learning (PBL). The findings revealed that the Four Noble Truths-comprising Dukkha (suffering), Samudaya (cause of suffering), Nirodha (cessation of suffering), and Magga (path to the cessation of suffering)-could be effectively integrated into the PBL process. The process began with encouraging students to recognize the problem or “Dukkha” as the starting point of learning, followed by identifying the cause or "Samudaya" to analyze the root of the problem. Next, possible solutions were presented in the form of "Nirodha," and, finally, those solutions were systematically implemented through. “Magga.” This approach not only enabled students to solve various problems effectively but also promoted mental and ethical development, which is essential for navigating a constantly changing world. The new knowledge derived from this study included problem-based learning with the Four Noble Truths, which demonstrated the potential of Buddhist philosophy in supporting practical learning. The application of the Four Noble Truths was divided into the following stages: 1) identifying and understanding the problem (Dukkha), 2) analyzing the cause of the problem (Samudaya), 3) determining solutions and setting desirable outcomes (Nirodha), and 4) planning and implementing solutions systematically (Magga) in PBL. This approach helped students not only to understand methods of academic problem-solving but also to comprehend the causes and comprehensive solutions involving mental and behavioral aspects. The new knowledge derived from this research includes "Problem-Based Learning with the Four Noble Truths," consisting of: 1) identifying and understanding the problem (Dukkha), 2) analyzing the cause of the problem (Samudaya), 3) determining solutions and setting desirable outcomes (Nirodha), and 4) planning and implementing solutions systematically (Magga).